Improvement in machines for making nuts



W. CHISHOLM.

Nut Machine.

Patented Nov. 17, 1863.'

NrTnD STATES WILLIAM CHISHOLM,

PATENT 'Trice'.

OF CLEVELAND, OHIO.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 40,606, dated November 17, 1863.

Tov all whom it may concern,.-

Beit known that I, WILLIAM CHIsHoLM, of Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented new and useful Improvements in Nut-Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and complete description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 is a side view. Fig. 2 is a top view. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical section. Fig. 4L is an end view. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are transverse sections, and Fig. 8 is a longitudinal vertical section with the parts in a different position from that shown in Fig. 3.

Like letters refer to like parts in the several views.

The nature of my invention is fully set forth in the following specification and claims.

All the parts and movements are attached to a bed-plate, p, of sufficient strength to sustain with safety all the strain to which it is subjected in the process of forming nuts. There are three openings through the bedplate. That shown at Q is to allow the free movement of a cam hereinafter to be described. That shown at It' is for the discharge of the burr of the nut from the hollow mandrel, and that shown at R is for the discharge of the formed nut. A strong shaft, S, placed trans versely to the bed-plate at the right-hand end of the machine, is mounted in boxes S' S. To this shaft the power is applied, and from the revolution of this shaft in the direction of the arrow all the movementsv of the machine are obtained. The shaft S should be from six to eight inches in diameter according to the required work of the machine, and all the other parts should be in proportion to secure the requisite strength. The shaft- S should be provided with a balancewheel to insure steadiness in the motion. The cam A is placed upon the shaft S intermediate between the bearings S' S'. Its action is upon the mandrel C, as hereinafter described. Upon each side of the cam A, at a distance of about an inch, I place the cams B B in the relative position shown in Fig. 2. The mandrel C is placed in the same horizontal plane with the shaft S, but at right angles thereto, the center of which is also in line with the center of the cam A, as shown in the red line w' in Fig. 2. The mandrel C is secured to the bed-plate l? by boxes T T', and has a reciprocating motion therein to the extent of the sweep of the cam A. The mandrel C is slotted vertically for the cam A, and horizontally to admit the shaft S, as seen at C' C" in Figs. 3 and 8. The slot C' C" is long enough to admit of all the motion required by the revolution of the cam A. The cams B B occupy a position upon the shaft just outside of the bars C' C', and in their revolution pome in contact with the shoulders B' B', which are attached to the mandrel C, the positio\nof the cams being such upon the shaft that when the cam A leaves the body ofthe mandrel C thecams B B come in contact with the shoulders B' B' and carry the mandrel C back to the position shown in Fig. 8, where it remains at rest, with the exception of a slight movement forward, presently to be described, during nearly half the revolution of the shaft S. This slight movement forward is caused by a short cam, A', which comes in contact with the point of pressure for the cam A the moment the cams B leave the shoulders B'. The object of this slight movement is to allow the female die, hereinafter to be described, to be moved back out of the way of the bar from which the nut is cut.

For the purpose of relieving the mandrel C from the friction of the cam A as much as possible, I introduce the friction-plate D between the knuckleof the cam A and the body of the mandrel C. This plate is'made of steel, and vis allowed a free motion of about two inches, and is held when not under pressure in the position shown in Figs. l and 3 by a spring, D'. When the cam A strikes this plate, it moves upon the face of the plate D until the pressure becomes sharp, when the plate itself moves downward, thus giving ease and efficiency to the movement, and as soon as the pressure is relieved by the passage of the cam the spring D' raises the plate D to its original position. The friction of the plate D against the body of the mandrel is less than that ofthe knuckle of the cam against the plate, for the pressure is distributed over a large lubricated surface; and, further, when the plate becomes worn it can be removed and another introduced in its stead. The lower end of the plate is a trifie thicker than at thel point where the cam strikes it, and this favors the movement downward when under pressure. The forward end of the mandrel C is hollow, as shown at a in Figs. 3 and 8, the bore being as large or a trifle larger than the largest punch used in making nuts. The burrs punched from the nuts are forced through this hollow mandrel and discharged by or through the opening in the under side through the bed-plate at It'.

The mandrel C is provided with a head, b, into which is inserted the maledie E. 'lhe die E is held in place in its seat by means of the jam block c and set-screw d, arranged as shown in Fig. G. rlhe jam-block c slides into recesses, as shown in the figure, the point of' the set-screw d pressing against the side of' the male die E, holding it secure. By releasing the set-screw d both the jam-block and male die can be removedfor the insertion of a die of' different size.

'lhe sides of the female die or matrix vin which the nut is formed consist of the adjustable'pieces F F', which c A1in be moved outv ward or inward, and secured at any desired1 point by means ofthe bolts e, shown in Fig. 2. The lower side ofthe matrix consists of a movable plate, f, which can be removed at pleasure and a thicker or thinner one introduced according to the size of the nut to be made. The upper part of the matrix consists of' tlliyiead-plate G, which is secured'in place 1n tde head b by the jamblock c and male die E, as shown in Fig. l6. rIhe side F of the matrix has a recess, F", into which the projecting edge G' of the head-plate Gr fits for the purpose of preventing the heated bar from upsetting in cutting off' the pattern for the nut.

The female die proper is tted to slide backward and forward in the matrix before described. IThe bar g', in which the die is formed, extends some four or live inches above the matrix, as seen at g', the upper end being firmly secured to the mandrel H. This mandrel is arranged to slide longitudinally in bearings h la', the former being attached to the bed-plate of the machine and the latter to the head b of the mandrel C. Any movement of the bar g carries with it the mandrel H, and the bar g', carrying the female die is after each punching operation again drawn forward by the retreating movement of the mandrel C, the bearing h' upon the head b striking against the head of the mandrel H to e'ect this result. The cam A', as hereinbefore stated, moves the mandrel C alittle forward immediately after the discharge of the nut, upon which movement the spring H' the lowerend of which is attached to the bedplate and the upper end to the mandrel H, carries the mandrel H as far back as the head on the rod H' will allow, and with it the bar g' and female die g, for the purpose of making a clear space for the introduction of the heated bar from which the nut is cut. A rod, H', having a head'on the outer end, passes through the bar g', and is screwed into the head b of the mandrel C, and so adjusted as to length that when the mandrel C is carried back as far as the cams B will carry it, the face of the female die g is brought a trifie forward of the end of the punch, so that the formed nut is entirely released from the punch, the female die and punch occupying the relative position shown in Fig. 3.

In forming the nut the female die is driven back by the pressure of the male die against the nut-blank to the position shown in Fig. 8. The punch I passes through an elevated portion ofthe bed-plate, as seen at I', and forward of' that point is firmly supported in guides I", which can be removed at pleasure and replaced by others by loosening the screws J of the cap. The punch I can be adjusted forward by means of the screw-bolts K in Fig. 2.

The punch I, as hereinbefore stated, is embeddedfirmly in the guides I", to prevent it from springing or bending from the pressure brought upon it in the formation of the nut, and in addition to this it can be adjusted endwise by means of the cross-head K' and screwbolts K, above referred to. The screw-bolts K are firmly attached to the elevated portion l', and both pass through the ends of the cross-head K', and nuts are screwed upon the bolts outside of the cross-head, by turning which the cross-head can be set up closer to the bed. The outer end of the punch I rests against the innerface of the cross-head K', the cross head thus sustaining all the pressure that is brought to bear upon the-punch in the formation of the nut. By the adjustment of the nuts on the ends ofthe screwbolts K the punch .I can be set back or forward as may be desired, and the firmness with which it is gripped by the guides I" is suiiicient to hold it stationary while the nut is being forced olf from it.

The male and female dies E and g, the headplate G, movable plate f, and punch I are made in sets and used as such.

In using this machine the shaft S is put in motion in the direction of the arrow, a heated bar of' proper size is introduced at L, and the forward movement of the mandrel C cuts oft' the blank, punches, and presses the same into a nut in the manner before described. The retreating of the mandrel C draws the female die forward so as to pull the formed nut olf the punch, and then the cam A' shoves back the female die a little distance, so as to leave a clear passage for the bar for the succeeding operation. The bar should be turned or reversed in position for every nut formed.

What I claim as my improvement, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The cams A and A', B and B, in combination with the mandrel C, arranged and operating as specified.

2. The friction-plate D, when arranged and used substantially as set forth.

3. The male die E and plate Gr, in combination with the sides F F' and plate f of the matrix, when arranged as and for the purpose specified.

4. The recess F" in the side F, and the corresponding projection G in the head-plate G, removing the formed nut from the punch in for the purpose described. the manner speciied by the retreating action 5. Securing the male die in place by means of the mandrel G.

of the jam-b1ock c and set-screw d, constructed and arranged as described. WILLIAM CHISHOLM 6. The herein-described device for stead yin g Witnesses: and adjusting Jche punch. W. H. BURRIDGE,

7 The mandrel H, bar g', and rod H', for P. A. BRINK. 

